Description

Product Description

Antiflammin-1 (CAS 118850-71-8) is a synthetic nonapeptide derived from the N-terminal region of uteroglobin, a multifunctional anti-inflammatory protein expressed in respiratory and reproductive tissues. This short peptide retains the biological activity of uteroglobin, particularly its ability to suppress inflammation and fibrosis in various experimental models.

Biological Background

Uteroglobin, also known as Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP), plays a central role in regulating pulmonary and immune homeostasis. Antiflammin-1 mimics its anti-inflammatory domain and acts as a modulator of cytokine activity, fibroblast proliferation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling.

Mechanistic Insights

Antiflammin-1 has been shown to significantly attenuate inflammatory responses and tissue fibrosis in models of bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury. Its mechanism involves inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and downregulation of TGF-β1/Smad signaling, a key pathway in fibrosis development.

It also acts on glucocorticoid-independent anti-inflammatory pathways, positioning it as an attractive peptide candidate for developing new anti-inflammatory therapeutics with fewer steroid-like side effects.

Key Research Applications

• Pulmonary Fibrosis Studies: Mitigates fibrosis and inflammation in bleomycin-challenged lung models.

• Anti-inflammatory Research: Reduces cytokine release and leukocyte infiltration in inflamed tissues.

• Wound Healing: Modulates fibroblast activity and collagen synthesis.

• Molecular Mechanism Studies: Serves as a model for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory peptide research.

In summary, Antiflammin-1 offers a compact and efficient molecular scaffold for the study of anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and tissue-protective mechanisms.

Product Specifications

Mechanism of Action

Antiflammin-1 exerts its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects through multifaceted signaling modulation at both the molecular and cellular levels.

1. Cytokine Suppression

Antiflammin-1 inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, in macrophages and epithelial cells. This reduces inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue damage in pulmonary and other inflammatory models.

2. COX-2 and NF-κB Inhibition

By blocking COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation, Antiflammin-1 decreases the synthesis of prostaglandins and inflammatory mediators. This pathway is central to its glucocorticoid-independent anti-inflammatory mechanism.

3. TGF-β1/Smad Signaling Blockade

Antiflammin-1 inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation, preventing myofibroblast differentiation and ECM accumulation. This is particularly crucial in its antifibrotic action during lung injury or chronic inflammation.

4. Cellular and Tissue Protection

The peptide protects epithelial integrity, prevents apoptosis in alveolar cells, and reduces oxidative stress markers in inflamed tissues.

5. Downstream Pathways

• Decreased Collagen Deposition: Inhibits fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis.

• Reduced Oxidative Stress: Limits ROS generation and lipid peroxidation.

• Enhanced Resolution Phase: Promotes macrophage polarization toward the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype.

Together, these mechanisms make Antiflammin-1 a versatile peptide model for exploring anti-inflammatory pathways beyond corticosteroid therapy.

Side Effects

As a research compound, Antiflammin-1 is generally well-tolerated in experimental systems. However, researchers should consider the following:

• Low Cytotoxicity: Exhibits minimal cytotoxic effects in vitro at experimental concentrations.

• Peptide Degradation: Rapid enzymatic degradation in serum; formulation optimization is advised.

• Immune Reactivity: May trigger mild immune responses in certain animal models.

• No Known Systemic Toxicity: No organ-level toxicity reported in preclinical research models.

All handling should follow standard laboratory safety procedures for peptide-based reagents.

Disclaimer

For research use only. Not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or clinical applications. Handle using appropriate protective equipment and store under recommended laboratory conditions.

Keywords

Antiflammin-1, AF-1 peptide, uteroglobin derivative, anti-inflammatory peptide, antifibrotic peptide, pulmonary fibrosis research, bleomycin-induced lung injury, cytokine suppression, COX-2 inhibitor, TGF-β1 pathway inhibitor, inflammation model peptide.

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