Description

Product Description

Bradykinin Triacetate (CAS 5979-11-3) is a biologically active peptide that plays a central role in cardiovascular physiology, vascular permeability, and inflammatory responses. As a synthetic triacetate derivative of bradykinin, it provides researchers with a stable, reliable, and highly reproducible tool for experimental studies across multiple disciplines, including vascular biology, hypertension, inflammation, and pain mechanisms.

Background and Biological Importance

Bradykinin is a nonapeptide naturally produced in the kallikrein–kinin system. It functions as a critical mediator of vascular tone and inflammation. Bradykinin Triacetate, a modified form of this peptide, preserves the pharmacological properties of bradykinin while offering improved stability and laboratory handling characteristics. Its ability to dilate blood vessels, increase vascular permeability, and stimulate smooth muscle contraction makes it highly valuable for mechanistic research.

Bradykinin Triacetate is particularly useful for modeling cardiovascular diseases, asthma, gastrointestinal motility disorders, and pain syndromes. Its research applications extend into endothelial signaling pathways, nitric oxide release, and the study of angiotensin–bradykinin balance in hypertension models.

Chemical Properties and Structure

• Type: Synthetic peptide derivative

• Class: Endothelium-dependent vasodilator

• Structure: Nonapeptide triacetate modification

• Molecular Formula: C50H73N15O11

• Molecular Weight: ~1060 g/mol

The triacetate form enhances peptide stability during storage and experimental use, reducing degradation and ensuring consistent results.

Research Significance

In experimental models, Bradykinin Triacetate has been shown to:

• Lower systemic blood pressure via endothelial-dependent vasodilation.

• Stimulate nitric oxide and prostacyclin release from vascular endothelium.

• Induce contraction of non-vascular smooth muscle in the bronchial and intestinal systems.

• Increase vascular permeability, contributing to edema and inflammatory responses.

• Modulate pain by activating bradykinin B2 receptors and sensitizing nociceptors.

By mimicking endogenous bradykinin activity, Bradykinin Triacetate provides a controlled way to investigate the role of the kallikrein–kinin system in health and disease.

Comparison to Other Vasoactive Peptides

Compared to angiotensin II (a vasoconstrictor), bradykinin represents the counterbalancing vasodilatory arm of vascular regulation. While nitric oxide donors and prostacyclin analogs provide direct vasodilation, Bradykinin Triacetate exerts broader systemic effects by simultaneously modulating smooth muscle tone, vascular permeability, and pain pathways. This makes it a uniquely versatile experimental agent.

GMP-Grade Quality for Research

Produced under GMP-certified conditions, Bradykinin Triacetate is supplied at ≥98% purity (HPLC), ensuring consistent reproducibility in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Its stability, solubility, and long shelf life make it suitable for a wide range of laboratory and preclinical applications.

Product Specifications

Beyond basic specifications, Bradykinin Triacetate offers advantages in terms of experimental reproducibility, making it an essential reference peptide in vascular biology and pain signaling studies.

Mechanism of Action & Research Applications

Mechanism of Action

Bradykinin Triacetate acts primarily through bradykinin B2 receptors, which are constitutively expressed in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Activation of these receptors leads to:

• Endothelium-dependent vasodilation: Induces nitric oxide (NO) release and prostacyclin production, resulting in relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and reduced blood pressure.

• Smooth muscle contraction: Stimulates contraction of bronchial and intestinal smooth muscle, useful for studying airway hyperreactivity and gastrointestinal physiology.

• Increased vascular permeability: Promotes fluid extravasation into tissues, a hallmark of inflammatory and allergic reactions.

• Pain sensitization: Activates nociceptive neurons and enhances the release of pain mediators, linking bradykinin to hyperalgesia and chronic pain models.

Research Applications

1. Cardiovascular Research
   Bradykinin Triacetate is widely used to investigate mechanisms of blood pressure regulation, endothelial dysfunction, and the balance between vasoconstrictors (e.g., angiotensin II) and vasodilators. It is particularly relevant for hypertension, atherosclerosis, and ischemia-reperfusion injury models.

2. Inflammation and Vascular Permeability
   By increasing vascular permeability, Bradykinin Triacetate serves as a model compound for edema, allergic inflammation, and vascular leak syndromes. It provides insights into how endothelial barrier function is compromised during disease.

3. Respiratory Research
   Its ability to contract bronchial smooth muscle makes it a useful tool in studying asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and airway hyperresponsiveness.

4. Gastrointestinal Studies
   Bradykinin Triacetate stimulates intestinal smooth muscle contraction, helping to model motility disorders and evaluate potential therapeutic interventions.

5. Pain and Neurological Research
   As a mediator of hyperalgesia, Bradykinin Triacetate is used in pain models to study nociceptive pathways, neurogenic inflammation, and the development of new analgesics.

6. Drug Interaction Studies
   Bradykinin Triacetate is frequently used alongside ACE inhibitors, which prevent bradykinin degradation. This combination provides insights into cardiovascular pharmacology and antihypertensive drug mechanisms.

   

Side Effects (For Reference in Research Models)

Experimental observations of Bradykinin Triacetate in laboratory studies include:

• Hypotension: Dose-dependent reductions in systemic blood pressure may occur.

• Smooth Muscle Overactivation: High concentrations can cause excessive contraction of bronchial or intestinal smooth muscle.

• Bronchospasm: In respiratory models, bronchial constriction may mimic asthma-like symptoms.

• Vascular Leak and Edema: Increased vascular permeability may lead to tissue swelling in animal models.

• Pain Induction: Bradykinin receptor activation enhances pain sensitivity, potentially complicating nociception studies.

• Stability Considerations: Freeze-thaw cycles may degrade peptide activity; aliquoting is recommended.

• Species-Specific Responses: Effects vary between rodents, primates, and in vitro endothelial cultures.

These outcomes highlight the need for careful dosing, monitoring, and model selection when using Bradykinin Triacetate in laboratory experiments.

Disclaimer

For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use.

Keywords

• Bradykinin Triacetate CAS 5979-11-3

• Bradykinin triacetate peptide supplier

• GMP-grade bradykinin triacetate

• Bradykinin vasodilator peptide

• Bradykinin B2 receptor agonist research

• Smooth muscle contraction peptide

• Bradykinin triacetate hypertension research

• Bradykinin permeability research peptide

• Bradykinin triacetate wholesale supplier

• Laboratory research bradykinin peptide