Description

Peptide 401 is a well-characterized peptide compound originating from bee venom that has garnered scientific interest due to its potent ability to trigger mast cell degranulation. This bioactivity makes it particularly relevant in the study of immune responses, inflammatory reactions, and vascular permeability. By modulating mast cell function, Peptide 401 provides a powerful research tool for understanding the mechanisms of allergic reactions, inflammatory pathways, and vascular regulation.

One of the most notable properties of Peptide 401 is its capacity to suppress vascular permeability induced by smooth muscle spasmogens such as histamine and serotonin (5-HT). Since these mediators play key roles in inflammatory processes and allergic responses, Peptide 401 allows researchers to dissect the fine balance between mediator release, mast cell biology, and vascular reactivity.

This peptide, produced under GMP-certified conditions, is supplied in high purity (97.86%), ensuring reproducibility and reliability in experimental studies. Its unique mode of action and bioactive profile make it a valuable candidate for diverse research domains including:

• Mast cell biology and immune cell signaling

• Vascular permeability and endothelial regulation

• Allergic inflammation and hypersensitivity models

• Smooth muscle contraction and mediator release mechanisms

• Venom-derived bioactive peptide pharmacology

By integrating Peptide 401 into controlled experimental settings, scientists can gain novel insights into how mast cells interact with other components of the immune system and vasculature.

For laboratory research use only. Not intended for human or veterinary applications.

Product Specifications

Mechanism of Action & Research Applications

Peptide 401 exerts its biological activity primarily through mast cell degranulation. Mast cells are immune cells rich in histamine and other inflammatory mediators that are rapidly released upon activation. Peptide 401 directly stimulates these cells, resulting in the release of histamine, serotonin (5-HT), and other vasoactive compounds. This process significantly influences vascular permeability, smooth muscle contraction, and immune cell recruitment.

In research settings, Peptide 401 is employed to model and analyze:

1. Mast cell activation and mediator release – allowing scientists to study allergic reactions, hypersensitivity disorders, and potential therapeutic inhibitors.

2. Vascular permeability modulation – Peptide 401 suppresses the increase in vascular leakage caused by smooth muscle spasmogens such as histamine and serotonin, making it relevant for vascular biology studies.

3. Pharmacological testing – Researchers can utilize Peptide 401 to evaluate novel anti-inflammatory or anti-allergic compounds.

4. Toxin and venom research – As a bee venom-derived peptide, it helps explore the therapeutic and pathophysiological relevance of natural toxins.

5. Inflammatory disease models – Its ability to regulate permeability and degranulation makes it useful in models of asthma, arthritis, and hypersensitivity.

Thus, Peptide 401 serves as both a research probe for understanding immune-vascular interactions and as a pharmacological tool for identifying potential drug targets in inflammatory diseases.

Side Effects (For Reference in Models)

While Peptide 401 is strictly intended for laboratory research, its known biological activity suggests possible side effects in model systems:

• Histamine release – leading to vasodilation, itching, or local inflammation.

• Increased vascular permeability – though it paradoxically suppresses mediator-induced leakage, mast cell activation itself may alter vascular stability.

• Smooth muscle effects – contraction or spasm due to histamine and serotonin release.

• Immune modulation – altered immune responses depending on experimental context.

• Inflammatory response – excessive mediator release may contribute to tissue inflammation.

These effects should be carefully monitored in laboratory settings to ensure reproducibility and reliability of research outcomes.

Note: All listed effects are based on research observations in laboratory models. Peptide 401 is not intended for medical use.

Disclaimer

Peptide 401 is intended solely for laboratory research purposes. It is not approved for human consumption, medical use, or veterinary applications. All handling should be performed by trained professionals in compliance with laboratory safety standards.

Keywords

• Peptide 401

• CAS 32908-73-9

• Bee venom peptide

• Mast cell degranulating factor

• Vascular permeability research peptide

• Inflammation research peptide

• GMP peptide supplier

• Wholesale peptide 401

• Immunology research peptides

• Mast cell biology peptides